: While modern Doppler ultrasound is the standard today, 1982-era diagnostics relied more heavily on physical examination and thermography.
Surgical intervention, known as varicocelectomy, is a common treatment approach. The goal of surgery is to close off the affected veins to reroute blood flow through other, healthy veins. This can be performed through open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, or even microsurgical techniques. varikotsele u detey 1982 okru exclusive