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: This field integrates ethological principles to diagnose and treat psychological problems in animals by aiming to improve daily functioning and neural plasticity.

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Changes in behavior are often the first indicators of illness. A normally social cat hiding, a horse refusing to bear weight, or a dog showing sudden aggression may be exhibiting pain, neurological dysfunction, or internal disease. Recognizing these subtle shifts allows veterinarians to investigate underlying medical causes (e.g., arthritis, dental disease, hyperthyroidism) before assuming a purely behavioral problem. : This field integrates ethological principles to diagnose

: Consistently ranked as the top veterinary school globally , it is praised for its comprehensive undergraduate and postgraduate programs in veterinary medicine and biological sciences. a horse refusing to bear weight